Qemu ubuntu 20.4 20.10

 https://technowikis.com/32825/how-to-install-kvm-on-ubuntu-20-10-or-20-04

aptitude unmark auto

 https://forum.dug.net.pl/viewtopic.php?id=31424

https://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/trusty/man8/apt-mark.8.html

buntu speed

 

While Ubuntu's default iso brings some gorgeous eye candy, it somehow hampers the boot performance and perhaps not the cup of tea for everyone as posted in earlier thread. So if you can waste little extra time configuring your machine, Follow this.

I use Unity. I use netboot install. There is a fantastic guide on wiki. You can follow that, at least for graphics, gvfs, network-manager, misc-utils part would be same for everyone. But if you want to install from regular iso that is also fine. You just need to disable few more services.

This is my systemd-analyze blame chart. My boot time is fast, within 30-35 sec.

Plymouth & Grub: If you don't need plymouth, remove quiet splash from grub. Now disable all plymouth related services with sudo service disable plymouth*.service. (check it with systemctl list-units). You can also remove plymouth-theme-ubuntu-logo package. You can put back "quiet" later if you don't find any errors.

Lightdm still depends on plymouth package, so I can't remove Plymouth entirely. In that case leave plymouth-quit and plymouth read-write service as it is.

Disable apt-daily services: Remember to run sudo apt-get update time to time.

sudo systemctl stop apt-daily.service
sudo systemctl disable apt-daily.service
sudo systemstl stop apt-daily-upgrade.timer 
sudo systemctl stop apt-daily-upgrade.timer 
sudo systemctl disable apt-daily-upgrade.timer 
sudo systemctl stop apt-daily.timer 
sudo systemctl disable apt-daily.timer 

Disable networkd services: If you are not a system admin you don't need this. Gui uses network-manger (and it has it's own dispatcher) anyway.

sudo apt-get remove networkd-dispatcher
sudo systemctl stop systemd-networkd.service
sudo systemctl disable systemd-networkd.service

No SSD: If you don't have ssd you can disable this.

sudo systemctl stop e2scrub_all.timer
sudo systemctl disable e2scrub_all.timer

Motd-News:

sudo systemctl stop motd-news.timer
sudo systemctl disable motd-news.timer

No Journald but Syslog: Ubuntu has both journald and syslog. If yoy don't need journald logging (you can still view all logs with syslog and gnome-logs), edit

 # edit /etc/systemd/journald.conf

[Journal]
Storage=none

& reboot. Remove gazzilion of logs from /var/log/syslog. And

sudo systemctl stop systemd-journal-flush.service
sudo systemctl disable systemd-journal-flush.service

Apport: If don't care about error reporting GUI of collecting crash data, remove the package. There are better ways to collect program crash. And most users do not need this.

No Gnome-Software/snapd but Synaptic: If you don't need gnome-software and use synaptic , then you can remove snapd and disable snapd related services in the same way and it will save some considerable amount of boot time.

Thermald (optional): It has issues with some laptops, and I don't use it. Just remove the package and reboot.

Open Media Vaut 5.x.x.x installer bug

 https://forum.openmediavault.org/index.php?thread/35425-installer-bug-in-whole-line-omv-5-x-x-x-omv-line-4-seems-to-be-unaffected-instal/&postID=253333#post253333

I've tested version 5.0.5 2019-08-16 using bare-metal and virtualbox in both cases installation freeze right after choosing main network card / interface and dhcp network configuration. It is somewhat related to dhcp ip6 configuration
version 4 is unaffected. I'll try to install clean minimal debian 10.6 on bare-metal equipment then add omv on to it.

Ps debian and its derivatives are my daily drivers but to omv im completely new.

==========================================================================
Ok I found possible solution

1. unplug the ethernet cable
2 install omv v 5.x.x.x

Yes it will complain due to lack of internet connection

3.ip address show to check your interface name
4. edit the /etc/network/interfaces and add this block:

auto eth0 [change eth0 to your specific interface name]
allow-hotplug eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

5. save changes to the file
6. check your resolve. conf via cat /etc/resolv.conf if there any dns data then it's ok
7.ip link set <interface> up
8. now run /etc/init.d/networking restart

9. ping google.com
10 login by ssh to your openmediavault from another machine

correct incomplete sourceslist file
11. nano /etc/apt/sources. list

delete all content then put

Code

###### Debian Main Repos
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ stable main contrib non-free
deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian/ stable main contrib non-free

deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ stable-updates main contrib non-free
deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian/ stable-updates main contrib non-free

deb http://deb.debian.org/debian-security stable/updates main
deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian-security stable/updates main

12. Correct file openmediavault-kernel-backports.listl.

nano /etc/apt/sources.list.d/openmediavault-kernel-backports.list

you will see something like

http://httpredir.debian.org/debian -backports main contrib non-free

change this line to

Code

http://httpredir.debian.org/debian buster-backports main contrib non-free

12.now omv-update
13.omv-firstaid

option 9 clear webcontrol panel cache

option 8 clear local upload package repository

14.systemctl reboot
15 use web panel in browser . check-for updates there should not be any also there should be no weird errors like:

Code

Failed to execute command 'export PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:
/usr/local/sbin; export LANG=C; apt-get update 2>&1' with exit code '100': Get:1 
file:/var/cache/openmediavault/archives InRelease Ign:1 
file:/var/cache/openmediavault/archives InRelease Get:2 
file:/var/cache/openmediavault/archives Release Ign:2 
file:/var/cache/openmediavault/archives Release Get:3

or any fingerprint missmach

Ps I have no idea if all network card drivers will be present in system due to unplugged network cord during installation process.
There is a possibility that required kernel modules won't be loaded .

ps2 the above procedure was performed in a virtualbox environment.
There is no guarantee that it will behave the same way om bare metal

ps3 it took me 10h to fix this, Please fix a damn installer. I have no sufficient knowledge to do it myself

debian netinstall via wi-fi

https://forum.dug.net.pl/viewtopic.php?pid=328549#p328549

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Cnx9peJGYlDmW3_RtTASOS4cNE0ChYZb/view?usp=sharing

Debian xfce light

Installing XFCE
Install the core packages that will be enough to allow you to start using your new desktop environment.
root@devuan:~# apt-get install xfce4-panel xfdesktop4 xfwm4 xfce4-settings xfce4-session
You might also want these packages for a more full desktop.
root@devuan:~# apt-get install tango-icon-theme xfwm4-themes xfce4-terminal xfce4-appfinder thunar xfce4-power-manager ristretto

Adding support for auto-mounting
Install the necessary packages for thunar (the xfce file manager) to support auto-mounting.
root@devuan:~# apt-get install thunar-volman gvfs policykit-1
After you start your desktop environment you can now use the xfce settings manager to configure auto-mounting.

Adding a display manager
If a display manager is needed I recommend slim which is the default in Devuan.
root@devuan:~# apt-get install slim
Now run update-alternatives to set the x-session-manager to xfce4-session.
root@devuan:~# update-alternatives --config x-session-manager

Using xfce without a display manager
Login to a regular user account at the console and use the startxfce4 script.
user@devuan:~$ startxfce4

debian *box open box, flux box, black box

debian dselect list

https://manpages.debian.org/buster/blackbox/blackbox.1.en.html

https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=125084

https://www.linux.com/training-tutorials/creating-perfect-fluxbox-desktop-linux/

http://fluxbox.sourceforge.net/docbook/en/html/book1.html

http://fluxbox.sourceforge.net/docbook/pl/html/book1.html

debian ekfiwalent yum what provides

$ sudo apt-get install apt-file
If you just installed apt-file, the system-wide cache might be empty. You need to run ‘apt-file update’ as root to update the cache. You can also run ‘apt-file update’ as normal user to use a cache in the user’s home directory.

Let us update the database cache using command:

$ sudo apt-file update
And, then search for the packages that contains a specific file, say alisp.h, with command:

$ apt-file find alisp.h
Or,

$ apt-file search alisp.h
Sample would be:

libasound2-dev: /usr/include/alsa/alisp.h
Well, libasound2-dev it is! You can install this package using command:

$ sudo apt-get install libasound2-dev
If you already have the file, and just wanted to know which package it belongs to, you can use dpkg command as shown below.

$ dpkg -S $(which alisp.h)
Or,

$ dpkg -S `which alisp.h`
If you know the full path of the file, say for example /bin/ls,  you can search for the packages it belongs to using the following command:

$ dpkg -S /bin/ls
coreutils: /bin/ls

Ventoy genialny boot multiso creator

Ventoy genialny boot multiso creator

Strona projektu
https://www.ventoy.net/en/index.html

Link do google drive na wypadek gdyby projekt upadł
https://drive.google.com/open?id=11pMA57LyOYC2iyhcX2nz279XHUKp-8Bl

Debian backup lub przenosiny deselect

odpalamy w katalogu domowym
 tar czfv confback.tar.gz .*

warto wywalić foldery . virtualbox itd bo są duże


dpkg --get-selections > packages.list This will create a list of all the packages installed in your system in the packages.list file.
Now, if something happens and your system crashes, you can install all the packages which were in your system with the help of this packages.list file.
dpkg --set-selections < packages.list

sudo apt-get dselect-upgrade


tar -xvfz confback.tar.gz --strip, --strip-components N gdzie N Strips the first N components from archive members' pathnames

when unpacking.
debian minimal dselect

Debian minimall install

debian minimal
apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-input-void xserver-xorg-core xinit x11-xserver-utils

Display drivers for common hardware include:

xserver-xorg-video-intel (intel)
xserver-xorg-video-nouveau (nvidia)
xserver-xorg-video-openchrome (via)
xserver-xorg-video-radeon (amd)
xserver-xorg-video-vesa (generic display driver)

If you are unsure of your driver you can use the vesa driver for now until you learn more about xorg drivers. It will work with all VESA compliant displays and is also useful to fall back on in the case of a misconfigured driver.

root@devuan:~# apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-vesa

For graphics chips not mentioned above you can search the repository to find the correct display driver for your hardware.
root@devuan:~# apt-cache search xserver-xorg-video-.* | pager

Installing your input drivers
Since it is a dependency of xserver-xorg we cannot remove the evdev driver, fortunately evdev is a unified driver and is suitable for most input devices. This means you don't need to follow this step unless you have specific requirements.

If you have a mouse and keyboard setup you can install those drivers separately if you prefer this behaviour.
root@devuan:~# apt-get install xserver-xorg-input-mouse xserver-xorg-input-kbd

For a synaptics touchpad you will often need to install the synaptics driver alongside your keyboard driver.
root@devuan:~# apt-get install xserver-xorg-input-synaptics

If you need other input drivers you can search the repository to find them.
root@devuan:~# apt-cache search xserver-xorg-input-.* | pager

Installing optional extras

I recommend installing the basic set of fonts for xorg.
root@devuan:~# apt-get install xfonts-100dpi xfonts-75dpi xfonts-base xfonts-scalable

You will often want to include mesa opengl support when using the free software display drivers, particularly if you play opengl games.
root@devuan:~# apt-get install libgl1-mesa-dri mesa-utils

Ascii may need the xserver-xorg-legacy package to manage permissions for xserver. Note that this is a setuid wrapper.
root@devuan:~# apt-get install xserver-xorg-legacy

sudo aptitude install fluxbox
, add this line to $HOME/.fluxbox/startup
conky &
be sure it to appear before this other line
exec /usr/bin/fluxbox
which needs to be the last one
sudo aptitude install wifi-radar
sudo aptitude install cpufreqd
Now start it:
sudo /etc/init.d/cpufreqd start
If it can not start (as in my case) you may need to load the right module, read here to know how to do it, according to your processor, but basically you need to choose between these lines for AMD Sempron/Athlon/MP ( K7 )

If you rely on Network Manager to manage your networking, you’ll need to take an extra step to make it run automatically at startup. Open ~/.fluxbox/startup and add nm-applet & before the exec fluxbox line, like this:


# Applications you want to run with fluxbox.
# MAKE SURE THAT APPS THAT KEEP RUNNING HAVE AN ''&'' AT THE END.
#
# unclutter -idle 2 & <-- ukrywa kursor myszy
# wmnd & <--pokazuje stan i użycie interfejsów sieci
# wmsmixer -w &
# idesk &  <-- ikony pulpitu
#nm-applet & <-- network menager
#wicd-client & <--wifi
#volumeicon-alsa <--ikona głośności w trayu
#wifi-radar <-- gui lista wifi
sudo modprobe powernow-k7
for AMD Duron/Sempron/Athlon/Opteron 64 ( K8 )
sudo modprobe powernow-k8
for Intel Core Duo and Intel Pentium M
sudo modprobe speedstep-centrino
for Others (Unknown) - This one worked for me with a Pentium IV -
sudo modprobe acpi-cpufreq
sudo apt install sddm
sudo aptitude install firefox thunderbird vim gvim
https://addy-dclxvi.github.io/post/my-fluxbox/


menadzery plików
mc
vifm
pcman
xfe
ranger

odtwarzanie filmów
mplayer
mpv
vlc

 muzyka audacious

 apt install libreoffice-writer  libreoffice-calc libreoffice-impress libreoffice-style-tango libreoffice-l10n-pl thunderbird thunderbird-l10n-pl firefox firefox-l10n-pl xpdf simpleburn xfe smplayer

============================================

Minimal xorg install
This document describes how to perform a minimal xorg installation and some optional good defaults.

Install the core xorg packages
First log in at a console as root using the password you setup during install.
We will now install the minimal set of packages needed for xorg.
root@devuan:~# apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-input-void xserver-xorg-core xinit x11-xserver-utils
It should be noted that the void input driver is installed as well as the dummy video driver. These packages do not function as drivers but allow xorg to be installed without drivers. This is done to avoid installing all drivers including the ones you don't need. Instead we will install the individual drivers that you do need afterwards.

Install your graphics driver
You should now install the display driver for your hardware.
Display drivers for common hardware include:

xserver-xorg-video-intel (intel)
xserver-xorg-video-nouveau (nvidia)
xserver-xorg-video-openchrome (via)
xserver-xorg-video-radeon (amd)
xserver-xorg-video-vesa (generic display driver)

For example if you have an amd graphics chip you should install the radeon driver.
root@devuan:~# apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-radeon
If you are unsure of your driver you can use the vesa driver for now until you learn more about xorg drivers. It will work with all VESA compliant displays and is also useful to fall back on in the case of a misconfigured driver.
root@devuan:~# apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-vesa
For graphics chips not mentioned above you can search the repository to find the correct display driver for your hardware.
root@devuan:~# apt-cache search xserver-xorg-video-.* | pager

Installing your input drivers
Since it is a dependency of xserver-xorg we cannot remove the evdev driver, fortunately evdev is a unified driver and is suitable for most input devices. This means you don't need to follow this step unless you have specific requirements.
If you have a mouse and keyboard setup you can install those drivers separately if you prefer this behaviour.
root@devuan:~# apt-get install xserver-xorg-input-mouse xserver-xorg-input-kbd
For a synaptics touchpad you will often need to install the synaptics driver alongside your keyboard driver.
root@devuan:~# apt-get install xserver-xorg-input-synaptics
If you need other input drivers you can search the repository to find them.
root@devuan:~# apt-cache search xserver-xorg-input-.* | pager

Installing optional extras
I recommend installing the basic set of fonts for xorg.
root@devuan:~# apt-get install xfonts-100dpi xfonts-75dpi xfonts-base xfonts-scalable
You will often want to include mesa opengl support when using the free software display drivers, particularly if you play opengl games.
root@devuan:~# apt-get install libgl1-mesa-dri mesa-utils
Ascii may need the xserver-xorg-legacy package to manage permissions for xserver. Note that this is a setuid wrapper.
root@devuan:~# apt-get install xserver-xorg-legacy

Jak uczynić sida debian unstable stabilnym

$ sudo apt install apt-listbugs apt-listchanges

https://packages.debian.org/sid/apt-listbugs

Wtyczka działa automatycznie przy każdym apt upgrade

Debian sprawdź jakie kernele zainstalowałeś

kernele + nagłówki
dpkg --list | grep 'linux-image\|linux-headers'

Kernel kompilacja debian / rehel

https://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/compiling-linux-kernel-26.html

Spory zestaw komend Linux / *nix BSD

https://gist.github.com/tokhi/ca9a2885cb1f0c159929#sysinfo

Wifi cli debian kurrrr

https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-connect-to-wifi-from-the-cli-on-debian-10-buster